2016年普通高等学校招生全国高中三年级英语统一试题

2016年普通高等学校招生全国统一试题（上海卷）

试题副标题

考试范围：xxx；考试时间：120分钟；命题人：xxx

听下面的短对话，选出最好选项。

1.  （1分）  

A．It is satisfactory.

B．It is luxurious.

C．It is old-fashioned.

D．It is disappointing.

2.  （1分）  

A．On August 5th. B．On August 6th.

C．On August 7th. D．On August 8th.

3.  （1分）  

A．A waiter. B．A butcher. C．A porter. D．A farmer.

4.  （1分）  

A．In a theatre.

B．In a library.

C．In a booking office.

D．In a furniture store.

5.  （1分）  

A．She expected to a better show.

B．She could hardly find her seat.

C．She wasn't interested in the show.

D．She didn't get a favouable seat.

6.  （1分）  

A．The woman often eats out for breakfast.

B．The cafeteria serves good breakfast.

C．The woman doesn't have breakfast.

D．The cafeteria doesn't serve breakfast.

7.  （1分）  

A．Selling cucumbers.

B．Planting vegetables.

C．Cooking a meal.

D．Picking tomatoes.

8.  （1分）  

A．The man should work hard.

B．The man should turn down the job offer.

C．The man may have another chance.

D．The man can apply for the job again.

9.  （1分）  

A．It is a hot and smoggy day.

B．There is a traffic jam on King Street.

C．A vehicle is polluting the air.

D．The man is reading a report online.

10. （1分）  

A．Its ending is not good enough.

B．Its special effects are not satisfying.

C．It deserves an award.

D．It is good except for the scary part.

听下面的长对话，选出最好选项。

11. A．$1. B．$2. C．$3. D．$52.

12.

A．Pay the bills first.

B．Spend 2% of the salary on living expenses.

C．Deposit $1000 every month.

D．Put part of the money in a savings account.

13. A．Methods of saving money.

B．Saving money for family emergencies.

C．The importance of saving money.

D．Secrets of spending money wisely.

14. A．Free education.

B．A sum of money.

C．Donations from a local newspaper.

D．Gifts from many people.

15. A．Let students in before school.

B．Offer ice cream and coffee.

C．Introduce a bank into the campus.

D．Reduce the traffic jams around.

16. A．It lacks positive news.

B．It should grow into a big city.

C．It is a place worth living in.

D．It remains peaceful and quiet.

听下面的录音，填写正确的单词或短语。

17. （2分）

                                        Class Diary

18. （2分）  

Bags of Love

Last year, I was assigned to work at an office near my mother's house, so I stayed with her for a month. During that time, I helped out with the housework and contributed to the groceries.

After less than a week, I started noticing that the groceries were running out pretty quickly—we were always suddenly out of something.  __________  how my mum could consume them so quickly, I began observing her daily routine for two weeks. To my surprise, I found that she would pack a paper bag full of canned goods and head out every morning at about nine. Eventually, I decided to follow her and  __________ happened truly amazed me. She was taking the food to the refugee camp, in __________ she distributed it to children.

I asked around and found out that my mum was very well known in the area. The kids were very friendly with her and even looked up to her as if she were their own mother. Then it hit me—why would she not want to tell me about what she __________ ? Was she worried about how I would react or that I would sTOP __________  the groceries if I found out?

When she got home, I told her about my discovery. __________ she could react, I gave her a big hug and told her she didn't need to keep it a secret __________ me. She told me that some of the children lived with an older lady in a shelter while others slept on the streets. For years, my mum has been helping out by giving them whatever food she could spare. I was so impressed by __________ selfless she was.

Stress: Good or Bad?

Stress used to be an almost unknown word, but now that we are used to talking about it, I have found that people are beginning to get stressed about being stressed.

In recent years, stress __________  as a cause of a whole range of medical problems, from high blood pressure to mental illness. But like so many other things, it is only too much stress __________ does you harm. It is time you considered that if there were no stress in your life, you would achieve a little. If you are stuck at home with no stress, then your level of performance will be low. Up to a certain point, the more stress you are under, the __________  your performance will be. Beyond a certain point, though, further stress will only lead to exhaustion, illness and finally a breakdown. You can tell when you are over the TOP and on the downward slope, by asking yourself __________ number of questions. Do you, for instance, feel that too much is being expected of __________, and yet find it impossible to say no? Do you find yourself getting impatient or __________  with people over unimportant things?... If the answer to all those questions is yes, you had better __________  your stress, as you probably are under more stress than is good for you.

To some extent you can control the amount of stress in your life. Doctors have worked out a chart showing how much stress is involved in various events. Getting married is 50, pregnancy 40, moving house 20, Christmas 12, etc. If the total stress in your life is over 150, you are twice as likely __________  ill.

Golden Rules of Good Design

What makes good design? Over the years, designers and artists have been trying to __________ the essentials of good design. They have found that some sayings can help people understand the ideas of good design. There are four as follows.

Less is more.This saying is associated with the German-born architect Mies van der Rohe. In his Modernist view, beauty lies in simplicity and elegance, and the aim of the designer is to create solutions to problems through the most efficient means. Design should avoid unnecessary __________ 

More is not a bore.The American-born architect Robert Venturi concluded that if simplicity is done badly, the result is __________ design. Post-Modernist designers began to __________ with decoration and color again. Product design was heavily influenced by this view and can be seen in kitchen __________ such as ovens and kettles.

Fitness for purpose.Successful product design takes into consideration a product's function, purpose, shape, form, color, and so on. The most important result for the user is that the product does what is __________ . For example, think of a __________ desk lamp. It needs to be constructed from materials that will stand the heat of the lamp and regular adjustments by the user. It also needs to be stable. Most importantly, it needs to __________ light where it is needed.

From follows emotion.This phrase is associated with the German designer Hartmut Esslinger. He believes design must take into __________ the sensory side of our nature—sight, smell, touch and taste. These are as important asrational . When choosing everyday products such as toothpaste, we appreciate a cool-looking device that allows us to easily __________ the toothpaste onto our brush.

In the 1960s, Douglas McGregor, one of the key thinkers in the art of management, developed the mow famous Theory X and Theory Y. Theory X is the idea that people instinctively __________ work and will do anything to avoid it. Theory Y is the view that everyone has the potential to find satisfaction in work.

In any case, despite so much evidence to the __________ , many managers still agree to Theory X. They believe,  __________ , that their employees need constant supervision if they are to work effectively, or that decisions must be imposed from __________ without consultation. This, of course, makes for authoritarian managers.

Different cultures have different ways of __________ people. Unlike authoritarian management, some cultures, particularly in Asia, are well known for the consultative nature of decision-making—all members of the department or work group are asked to __________ to this process. This is management by the collective opinion. Many western companies have tried to imitate such Asian ways of doing things, which are based on general __________ . Some experts say that women will become more effective managers than men because they have the power to reach common goals in a way that traditional __________ managers cannot.

A recent trend has been to encourage employees to use their own initiative, to make decisions on their own without __________ managers first. Thisempowerment has been part of the trend towards downsizing:  __________ the number of management layers in companies. After de-layering in this way, a company may be  __________ with just a TOP level of senior managers, front-line managers and employees with direct contact with the public. Empowerment takes the idea of delegation much further than has __________ been the case. Empowerment and delegation mean new forms of management control to __________ that the overall business plan is being followed, and that operations become more profitable under the new organization, rather than less.

Another trend is off-site or __________ management, where teams of people linked by e-mail and the Internet work on projects from their own houses. Project managers evaluate the __________ of the team members in terms of what they produce for projects, rather than the amount of time they spend on them.

45. A．desire B．seek C．lose D．dislike

46. A．contrary B．expectation C．degree D．extreme

47. A．vice versa B．for example C．however D．otherwise

48. A．outside B．inside C．below D．above

49. A．replacing B．assessing C．managing D．encouraging

50. A．refer B．contribute C．object D．apply

51. A．agreement B．practice C．election D．impression

52. A．bossy B．experienced C．western D．male

53. A．asking B．training C．warning D．firing

54. A．doubling B．maintaining C．reducing D．estimating

55. A．honored B．left C．crowded D．compared

56. A．economically B．traditionally

C．inadequately D．occasionally

57. A．deny B．admit C．assume D．ensure

58. A．virtual B．ineffective C．day-to-day D．on-the-scene

59. A．opinion B．risk

C．performance D．attractiveness

One early morning, I went into the living room to find my mother reading a thick book calledBest Loved Poems to Read Again and Again. My interest was aroused only by the fact that the word "Poems" appeared in big, hot pink letters.

＂Is it good?" I asked her.

＂Yeah,＂she answered. ＂There's one I really like and you'll like it, too." I leaned forward.

＂'Patty Poem,'" she read the title. Who is Patty? I wondered. The poem began:

She never puts her toys away,

Just leaves them scattered ①where they lay,…   ①散乱的

The poem was just three short sections. The final one came quickly:

When she grows and gathers poise ②,                   ②稳重

I'll miss her harum-scarum ③noise,                       ③莽撞的

And look in vain ④for scattered toys.                     ④徒劳地

And I'll be sad.   

A terrible sorrow washed over me. Whoever Patty was, she was a mean girl. Then, the shock.

＂It's you, honey,＂ My mother said sadly.

To my mother, the poem revealed a parent's affection when her child grows up and leaves. To me, the "she" in the poem was horror. It was my mama who would be sad. It was so terrible I burst out crying.

＂What's wrong?＂my mother asked.

＂Oh Mama," I cried." I don't want to grow up ever!＂

She smiled. "Honey, it's okay. You're not growing up anytime soon. And when you do, I'll still love you, okay?＂

"Okay," I was still weeping. My panic has gone. But I could not help thinking about that silly poem. After what seemed like a safe amount of time, I read the poem again and was confused. It all fit so well together, like a puzzle. The language was simple, so simple I could plainly understand its meaning, yet it was still beautiful. I was now fascinated by the idea of poetry, words that had the power to make or break a person's world.

I have since fallen in love with other poems, but "Patty Poem" remains my poem. After all, ＂Patty Poem" gave me my love for poetry not because it was the poem that lifted my spirits, but because it was the one that hurt me the most.

60. Why was the writer attracted by the bookBest Loved Poems to Read Again and Again?

A．It was a thick enough book.

B．Something on its cover caught her eye.

C．Her mother was reading it with interest.

D．It has a meaningful title.

61. After her mother read the poem to her, the writer felt __________ at first.

A．sad B．excited C．horrified D．confused

62. The writer's mother liked to read "Patty Poem" probably because __________.

A．it reflected her own childhood

B．it was written in simple language

C．it was composed by a famous poet

D．it gave her a hint of what would happen

63. It can be concluded from the passage that "Patty Poem" leads the writer to  __________.

A．discover the power of poetry

B．recognize her love for puzzles

C．find her eagerness to grow up

D．experience great homesickness

64.  It can be concluded from paragraph 1 that __________.

A．the problem of global warming will have been quite solved by 2020

B．gas emissions have been effectively reduced in developed countries

C．the Paris Agreements is more influential than the Kyoto Protocol

D．humans have made continuous efforts to slow down global warming

65. If nations could only keep the initial promises of the Paris Agreement, what would happen by the year 2100?

A．The human population would increase by one third.

B．Little over 50% of all species would still exist.

C．Nations would not need to tighten their emissions targets.

D．The Agreement's minimum goal would not be reached.

66. If those island nations not far above sea level are to survive, the maximum temperature rise, since the start of the industrial age, should be __________.

A．0.8℃ B．1.5℃ C．2℃ D．3.5℃

Enough "meaningless drivel". That's the message from a group of members of the UK government who have been examining how social media firms like linkedIn gather and use social media data.

The House of Commons Science and Technology Committee's report, released last week, has blamed firms for making people sign up to long incomprehensible legal contracts and calls for an international standard or kitemark to identify sites that have clear terms and conditions.

"The term and conditions statement that we all carelessly agree to ismeaningless drivelto anyone,＂says Andrew Miller, the chair of the committee. Instead, he says, firms should provide a plain-English version of their terms. The simplified version would be checked by a third party and awarded a kitemark if it is an accurate reflection of the original.

It is not yet clear who would administer the scheme, but the UK government is looking at introducing it on a voluntary basis. ＂we need to think through how we make that work in practice, "says Miller.

Would we pay any more attention to a kitemark? "I think if you went and did the survey, people would like to think they would," says Nigel Shadbolt at the University of Southampton, UK, who studies open data. ＂We do know people worry a lot about the inappropriate use of their information.＂ But what would happen in practice is another matter, he says.

Other organisations such as banks ask customers to sign long contracts they may not read or understand, but Miller believes social media requires special attention because it is so new. ＂We still don't know how significant the long-term impact is going to be of unwise things that kids put on social media that come back and bite them in 20 years' time, "he says.

Shadbolt, who gave evidence to the committee, says the problem is that we don't know how companies will use our data because their business models and uses of data are still evolving. Large collections of personal information have become valuable only recently, he says.

The shock and anger when a social media firm does something with data that people don't expect, even if users have apparently permission, show that the current situation isn't working. If properly administered, a kitemark on terms and conditions could help people know what exactly they are signing up to. Although they would still have to actually read them.

67. What does the phrase "meaningless drivel" in paragraphs 1 and 3 refer to?

A．Legal contracts that social media firms make people sign up to.

B．Warnings from the UK government against unsafe websites.

C．Guidelines on how to use social media websites properly.

D．Insignificant data collected by social media firms.

68.  It can be inferred from the passage that Nigel Shadbolt doubts whether __________.

A．social media firms would conduct a survey on the kitemark scheme

B．people would pay as much attention to a kitemark as they think

C．a kitemark scheme would be workable on a nationwide scale

D．the kitemark would help companies develop their business models

69. Andrew Miller thinks social media needs more attention than banks mainly because __________.

A．their users consist largely of kids under 20 years old

B．the language in their contracts is usually harder to understand

C．the information they collected could become more valuable in future

D．it remains unknown how users' data will be taken advantage of

70. The writer advises users of social media to __________.

A．think carefully before posting anything onto such websites

B．read the terms and conditions even if there is a kitemark

C．take no further action if they can find a kitemark

D．avoid providing too much personal information

71. Which of the following is the best title of the passage?

A．Say no to social media?

B．New security rules in operation?

C．Accept without reading?

D．Administration matters!

Walking will be banned on escalators as part of a trail designed to reducecongestion at some of the country's busiest stations.

In the first move of its kind, all travelers will be forced to stand on both sides of escalators on the London Underground as part of a plan to increasecapacity at the height of the rush hour.

A six-month trial will be introduced at Holborn station from mid-April, eliminating the rule of standing on the right and walking on the left. The move, imitating a similar structure in Far eastern cities such as Hong Kong, is designed to increase the number of people using long escalators at the bus iest times. It could be expanded across the Tube network in coming years.

According to London Underground, only 40 percent of travelers walk the full length of long escalators, leaving the majority at the bottom as they wait to get on to the "standing" side.

A three-week trial at Holborn last year found that the number of people using escalators at any time of could be raised by almost a third. Peter McNaught, operations director at London Underground, said: "It may not seem right that you can go quicker by standing still, but our experiments at Holborn have proved that it can be true. This new six-month trial will help us find out if we can influence customers to stand on both sides in the long term.＂

Holborn has one of the longest sets of escalators on the Underground network at 23.4 high. Tube bosses claim that capacity was limited because so few people wanted to walk up—meaning only one side was used at all times. Research has shown that it is more effective use of escalators over 18.5 to ban walking.

The previous trial found that escalators at the station normally carried 2,500 people between 8:30am and 9:30am on a typical day, rising to 3,250 during the researching period.

In the new trial, which will be launched from April 18, one of three "up" escalators will be standing only, with a second banning walking at peak times. A third will remain a mix of walking and standing.

72. What is the existing problem with standing on the right and walking on the left?

________________________________________________________________________________________________________________

73. What did last year's three-week trial at Holborn station prove?

________________________________________________________________________________________________________________

74. The research suggests that walking should be forbidden on escalators that are at least __________ in height.

75. In the new trail, in addition to one escalator banning walking in rush hours, the other "up" escalators will be used for __________.

76. （5.2分）我真期望我们的文章有朝1日能见报。

77. （5.2分）二十世纪末中国经济飞速进步。

78. （5.2分）为买一双运动鞋而通宵排队有意义吗？

79. （5.2分）虽然当时我年幼，不理解这 部电影的意思，但我记得我的家人都感动得落泪了。

80. （5.2分）我阿姨苦读四年之后获得了文凭，那一刻她欣喜万分。

81. （25分）

假设你是中华中学学生姚平，近期参加了一项研究性学习调查，课题为＂爸爸妈妈是不是以子女为荣＂。通过调查你校学生及其爸爸妈妈，结果发现双方对此问题的怎么看有差异（数据如图所示）。依据图表写一份报告，在报告中，你需要：

      1. 描述调查数据；

      2. 剖析可能致使这一结果是什么原因。

参考答案及分析

1、 听短对话选择

1.  【答案】D

 【分析】

依据听力原文  it is not as good as I expected.可知，购物中心没想象中的好。D. It is disappointing.它是让人失望的。故选D。

2.  【答案】B

 【分析】

问题为说话者什么时间到达营地，依据原文 We'll stay there for one night. That is, we will leave the camp on August 7th. 可知，大家会住一晚，并且会在8月七号离开，因此，会在8月六号到达。故选B。

3.  【答案】A

 【分析】

问题为这名男性是哪个，依据原文 We are famous for our barbecue pork with rice. Would you like to have some?大家以烤肉米饭而出名，你要来点吗？可知，这名男性是一名员工。故选A。

4.  【答案】B

 【分析】

依据原文 Everyone is supposed to put books back to the shelves when the closing bell is sounded.当铃声响了之后，每一个人都应当把书放回书架。可知，这段对话发生在图书馆。故选B。

5.  【答案】D

 【分析】

依据原文 The show is good, but I could hardly see the stage from my seat.可知节目非常不错，但在这个座位上几乎看不到节目。因此她没一个好的座位。故选D。

6.  【答案】C

 【分析】

由原文 I have lunch and dinner there, but I always skip breakfast. 可知，这名女性在咖啡馆吃了午饭和晚饭，但一直略过早餐。故选C。

7.  【答案】B

 【分析】

依据原文， Are you going to put the seeds of tomatoes into the soil, too?可知，说话者正在种西红柿。故选B。

8.  【答案】C

 【分析】

由原文Well, don't take it so hard. Something else will turn up. 别太难过了。会有其他事情发生的。可知，这名女性的意思是这名男性还有其他机会。故选C。

9.  【答案】C

 【分析】

依据原文，I'd like to report a smoking vehicle running on King Street. 我想报告一辆在王街道跑着的冒烟的汽车。可知，一辆车正在污染空气，故选C。

10. 【答案】A

 【分析】

由原文， It would deserve an award if it weren't for its last part.可知，假如不是结尾不好，这部电影就得奖了。故选A。

2、 听长对话选择

●

11. 【答案】C

 【分析】

依据原文 3 dollars in week 3，可知在第三周节省三USD。故选C。

12. 【答案】D

 【分析】依据原文，Another simple way of building some savings is by depositing as little as two percent of your monthly income into a savings account.   可知说话者建议大家每一个月的薪资都存一部分。故选D。

13. 【答案】A

 【分析】

依据听力原文，本段材料主要讲的是省钱的办法。故选A。

●

14. 【答案】B

 【分析】

由原文，They made more than one thousand dollars and the local family in need got the majority of it.  可知当地需要帮助的人得到了大多数的钱，故选B。

15. 【答案】A

 【分析】依据原文， It has been really cold lately and the school should consider letting the students in to get warm before the weather gets even colder. 可知，学校应该考虑让学生进来，由于外面太冷了。故选A。

16. 【答案】C

 【分析】由原文  it remains a good place for the residents to enjoy their life.  可知，对于当地的居民来讲，这个地方是一个好地方。故选C。

3、 听力填空

17. 【答案】Deadline；photos；stadium；Lunch；

 【分析】

空1：由原文The dead line is next Monday, June 14th. Monday, June 14th.可知答案为 Deadline。

空2：由原文 Then on Wednesday, that's the 16th, all classmates have to hand in three student photos.可知答案为photos。

空3：由原文M: The basketball club meeting is on the 17th. And where will they meet?    W: At the  stadium..可知答案为 stadium。

空4：由原文 It should be during the lunch break. 可知答案为Lunch。

18. 【答案】a  judge 或  a famous judge；Asking for help；Having a voice；Sharing 或 Sharing with others；

 【分析】

空1：由原文 The guest for today is Sue Walter. She is a famous judge in court.可知答案为 a judge。

空2：由原文 One of my suggestions is to always ask for help.可知答案为 Asking for help。

空3：由原文 Having a voice in the decision-making process. 可知答案为  Having a voice。

空4：由原文  I think it would be satisfaction of enjoying things with others可知答案为  Sharing 。

4、 依据短文内容或单词的正确形式填空

●   【剖析】本文是一篇记叙文，主要讲述了作者的妈妈无私地帮助难民营里的孩子并给他们提供食物的感人故事。整个故事充满了正能量。

19. 【答案】Wondering；

 【分析】考查动词。剖析句子结构可知，wonder和句子的谓语动词"began"之间没连词，故用其非谓语形式。且wonder和句子的主语“I"之间构成逻辑上的主谓关系，故用其目前分词形式作缘由状语。故填Wondering。

20. 【答案】what；

 【分析】考查主语从句。剖析句子结构可知，空格处引导主语从句，且在从句中作主语，表示事情。故填what。

21. 【答案】which；

 【分析】考查定语从句。剖析句子结构可知，后半句是定语从句，先行词是 "the refugee camp"，且从句中缺少地址状语，所以应用关系副词 where或 in which引导该从句，因为空格前已有介词in，故填which。

22. 【答案】 had done；

 【分析】考查动词时态。依据语境可知，"do" 的动作发生在 "hit" 之前，"hit" 的动作发生在过去，故 "do" 的动作发生在过去的过去，用过去完成时。故填had done。

23. 【答案】buying；

 【分析】考查非谓语动词。依据语境可知，此处指妈妈担忧“我”会停止购买食品杂货；sTOP to do sth. 意为“停下来去做某事”，不符合语境；sTOP doing sth. 意为“停止正在做的事情”，符合语境。故填 buying。

24. 【答案】Before；

 【分析】考查连词。before sb. can do sth. 为固定使用方法，意为“某人还没来得及做某事”，符合语境，故填Before。

25. 【答案】from；

 【分析】考查固定搭配。依据上文“why would she not want to tell me” 可知，妈妈不想让“我”了解她所做的那些事。Keep…from… 为固定词组搭配，意为“使…...”防止…...”，符合语境。故填from。

26. 【答案】how；

 【分析】考查感叹句型。通过剖析句子结构（连接词+形容词+主语+谓语）和句意，可知此处是how所引导的感叹句。故填how。

●   【剖析】本文是一篇议论文，主要讨论了重压的利弊。

27. 【答案】 has been regarded；

 【分析】 考查动词时态和语态。依据时间状语“ In recent years”可知，本句应用目前完成时；且 regard和句子的主语stress之间构成逻辑上的被动关系，故用目前完成时的被动语态。故填has been regarded。

28. 【答案】that ；

 【分析】考查强调句型。 "It is+被强调部分+that+其他部分”是强调句型，其判断方法是把it is…that…去掉，句子的结构和意思仍然完整。本句是对句子的主语 "only too much stress" 进行强调。故填that。

29. 【答案】better；

 【分析】考查形容词的比较级。 句意为：在某种程度上，你承受的重压越大，你表现得就会越好。the+比较级… the比较级…为固定句型，意为“越…越…”，符合语境，故填better。

30. 【答案】a；

 【分析】考查冠词。 句意为：通过问自己一些问题，你能看出自己什么时间超越了巅峰，什么时间在走下坡路。a number of为固定短语，意为“一些…”，符合语境。故填a。

31. 【答案】you；

 【分析】考查代词。 空格处与句子的主语you呼应，表示大家对你的期望非常高，expect sth. of sb.为固定使用方法，意为“对某人期望某事”。故填you。

32. 【答案】annoyed；

 【分析】考查词性转换。 空格处与or前面的“ impatient”为并列关系，故应用其形容词形式。 annoying意为“让人恼怒的”，用于修饰物； annoyed意为“感到恼怒的”，用于修饰人。be/get annoyed with sb.意为“对某人感到恼火”，符合语境。故填annoyed。

33. 【答案】control；

 【分析】考查非谓语动词。 had better意为“最好”，是情态动词，其后跟动词原形。故填control。

34. 【答案】 to get；

 【分析】考查非谓语动词。 be likely to do sth. 为固定使用方法，意为“大概做某事”，符合语境。故填to get。

5、 使用适合的单词或短语填空

●   【剖析】本文是说明文，告诉大家好的设计应包含四个黄金定律：简洁、功能、舒适和情感。

35. 【答案】 D. capture；

 【分析】考查非谓语动词。D.capture获得；捕获；本句中该词构成的不定式短语＂to capture.....＂作动词try的宾语。句意：多年以来，设计师和艺术家一直都在努力搞了解好的设计的本质。故填  D. capture。

36. 【答案】E. decorations；

 【分析】考查名词。 E. decorations 装装饰品，该词在句中作动词avoid的宾语，且为可数名词，故用复数形式。句意：设计应该防止非必须的装装饰品。故填 E. decorations。

37. 【答案】J. soulless；

 【分析】考查形容词。 J. soulless 没灵魂的；该词在本句中做定语修饰名词design。依据前半句The American-born architect Robert Venturi concluded that if simplicity is done badly可知美国生的建筑家Robert Venturi总结过，假如简洁没做好，那样如此的设计就是没灵魂的。故填 J. soulless。

38. 【答案】G. experiment ；

 【分析】考查动词。G. experiment 试用，用……做实验。句意：后现代主义设计师们再一次开始试验装饰和颜色。故填 G. experiment 。

39. 【答案】C. appliances；

 【分析】考查名词。 C. appliances 电器，电器工具；由后面列举的例子＂ovens and kettles＂烤箱和水壶可判断此处指厨房电器等物品。故填 C. appliances。

40. 【答案】H. intended；

 【分析】考查非谓语动词。 H. intended 预期的；本句中该词和系动词is构成系表结构。句意：对用户来讲非常重要的是商品达到了预期的成效。故填 H. intended。

41. 【答案】B. adjustable；

 【分析】考查形容词。 B. adjustable 可调节的；本句中该词作定语修饰名词desk lamp，意为＂可调节的台灯＂，与后句中的＂regular adjustments by the user＂相呼应。故填 B. adjustable。

42. 【答案】F. direct；

 【分析】考查动词。 F. direct 把……对准，指导；本句中该词与名词light构成动宾短语。句意：非常重要的是，它需要对准需要光线的地方。故填 F. direct。

43. 【答案】A. account；

 【分析】考查名词。take…into account 考虑……；把……考虑在内；句意：他觉得设计需要要把自然的知觉考虑在内，如：视觉、嗅觉、触觉和味觉。故填 A. account。

44. 【答案】K. squeeze；

 【分析】考查动词。 K. squeeze 挤压；本句中该句和名词the toothpaste构成动宾关系。句意：当大家选择平时用品时，大家非常喜欢一个看着非常酷的装置，能让大家比较容易地把牙膏挤到大家的牙刷上。故填 K. squeeze。

6、 完形填空

●   【剖析】本文是说明文，介绍了现代社会中一种新型管理理论——授权管理及其用途。

45. 【答案】D

 【分析】考查动词辨析。A.desire渴望；B.seek探寻；C.lose失去；D.dislike不喜欢。依据后半句＂....will do anything to avoid it.＂可知大家本能上不喜欢工作，他们为逃避工作可以做什么事情。故选D。

46. 【答案】A

 【分析】考查名词辨析。A.contrary相反的，to the contrary相反的；B.expectation期望；C.degree程度，to the degree在某种程度上；D.extreme极端的，to the extreme走向极端。此处是说，无论怎么样，尽管不少证据与这个理论相反，不少管理人仍然赞同X理论。故选A。

47. 【答案】B

 【分析】考查词义辨析。A.vice versa反之亦然；B.for example比如；C.however然而；D.otherwise不然。由后面的例子他们觉得假如要职员效率高，就需要给与他们持续的监督可知此处是举例说明。故选B。

48. 【答案】D

 【分析】考查副词辨析。A. outside外部，外面；B. inside里面；C. below下级；D. above上面，上级。依据下句“This，of course makes for authoritarian（专制的）managers.”并结合语境可推知，此处指决定需要由上级领导做出。from above为固定搭配，意为“从上级”，符合语境。故选D。

49. 【答案】C

 【分析】考查动词辨析。A. replacing代替；B. assessing评估；C. managing管理；D. encouraging鼓励。依据前段可知本文讨论的是管理学的理论，此处是说，不一样的文化中有不一样的管理人的办法。故选C。

50. 【答案】B

 【分析】考查动词短语辨析。A. refer to 提到，谈到；B. contribute to 做贡献；致使；C. object to 反对；D. apply to 适用于。此处是说，亚洲人用的是协商式的管理办法，所有人都被需要对管理的过程作源于己的贡献。故选B。

51. 【答案】A

 【分析】考查名词辨析。A. agreement赞同；B. practice训练，做法；C. election选举；D. impression印象。此处是说，亚洲人用协商式的管理办法，这种办法是打造在一同协商基础之上的，西方人也想模仿如此的管理办法。故选A。

52. 【答案】D

 【分析】考查形容词辨析。A. bossy专横的；B. experienced有经验的；C. western西方的；D. male女人。依据前半句＂....women will become more effective managers than men....＂可知有的专家觉得女人比男士管理更高效。由于女人更有亲和力，比男士管理人更容易与其他人达成一致的目的。故选D。

53. 【答案】A

 【分析】考查动词辨析。A. asking请求；B. training练习；C. warning警告；D. firing解雇。依据前句＂... encourage employees to use their own initiative... ＂（鼓励职员用我们的首创精神），也就是说在作出决定的时候不需要先请示上级经理。故选A。

54. 【答案】C

 【分析】考查动词辨析。A. doubling双倍；B. maintaining维持；C. reducing降低；D. estimating估价。依据＂the trend towards downsizing"（缩小规模的趋势）可知，也就是要降低管理层的数目，可以直接做出决定而无需请示上级。故选C。

55. 【答案】B

 【分析】考查动词短语辨析。A. be honored with被授与；B. be left with留下，剩下；C. be crowded with挤满；D. be compared with与……相比；通过这种办法，公司只剩下高层管理者和前线的与公众直接联系的一线管理人。省略了不少中央环节，提升了管理的效益。故选B。

56. 【答案】B

 【分析】考查副词辨析。A. economically经济地；B. traditionally传统地；C. inadequately不充分地；D. occasionally偶尔地；依据后句＂Empowerment and delegation mean new forms of management control.＂可知授权管理是一个新型的管理办法，与传统的管理模式不同。故选B。

57. 【答案】D

 【分析】考查动词辨析。A. deny不承认；B. admit承认；C. assume假定，设想；D. ensure保证，确保；授权管理是一种新型的管理办法，省略了中央管理环节，保证了整个商业计划被使用。故选D。

58. 【答案】A

 【分析】考查形容词辨析。A. virtual虚拟的；B. ineffective低效的；C. day-to-day平时的；D. on-the-scene现场的。依据后句＂where teams of people linked by e-mail and the Internet work on projects from their own houses.＂可知在这种新型的管理办法中，大家都是通过邮件和互联网联系，说明这种一种新型通过虚拟互联网进行的管理办法。故选A。

59. 【答案】C

 【分析】考查名词辨析。A. opinion看法；B. risk冒险；C. performance表现；D. attractiveness魔力；依据后半句中＂

in terms of what they produce for projects, rather than the amount of time they spend on them.＂可知大家评价职员的表现是依据他们的商品而不是他们的工作时间。故选C。

7、 阅读理解

●   【剖析】本文是一篇记叙文。讲述了作者通过阅读 "Patty Poem" 领会到诗歌的美，进而爱上了诗歌。

60. 【答案】B

 【分析】细节理解题。依据第一段最后一句My interest was aroused only by the fact that the word ＂Poems＂ appeared in big, hot pink letters.可知我的兴趣被激起来了，主如果由于这本书封面上的＂Poems＂非常大非常红。故选B。

61. 【答案】A

 【分析】细节理解题。依据A terrible sorrow washed over me. Whoever Patty was, she was a mean girl.可知当妈妈读完这首诗的时候，我非常难过。故选A。

62. 【答案】D

 【分析】推理判断题。依据To my mother, the poem revealed a parent's affection when her child grows up and leaves. To me, the "she" in the poem was horror. It was my mama who would be sad.可知对母亲来讲这首诗让她想起我也会长大并且也会离开她，她也会由于我的离开而很难受。所以这本书让她把将来可能发生的事情联系了起来。故选D。

63. 【答案】A

 【分析】推理判断题。依据文章最后一段“I have since fallen in love with other poems, but ＂Patty Poem＂remains my poem. After all, "Patty Poem" gave me my love for poetry not because it was the poem that lifted my spirits, but because it was the one that hurt me the most.＂可知这首诗让作者感受了诗歌的美，让作者爱上了诗歌，由于这是一首有强烈的情感冲击力的诗歌。故选A。

●   【剖析】本文是一篇议论文。本文介绍了大家一直努力降低温室气体的排放，并设立了到2100年大家达成的目的与达成目的要符合的条件。

64. 【答案】D

 【分析】推理判断题。依据文章第一段第三句至第六句“Since then, many scientists have thought that our actions do make a difference. In 1997, the Kyoto……stuck by nearly 200 countries, also aims to limit global warming.”可知自从20世纪早期开始人类就一直在努力降低温室气体的排放，期望能减缓全球变暖的趋势。故选D。

65. 【答案】D

 【分析】推理判断题。依据文章第二段This is how much temperatures would rise  by 2100 even if nations live up to the initial Paris promises to reduce carbon emissions…可知假如各国的气体排放可以符合巴黎协议的需要，到2100年气温会比目前高中三年级度。而依据第三段To meet this minimum goal可知最小的目的是上升两度。也就是说即便各国的气体排放可以符合巴黎协议的需要，也达不到最小的目的。故选D。

66. 【答案】B

 【分析】细节理解题。依据第四段1.5℃中的This is the most ambitious goal for temperature rise set by the Paris Agreement, after a push by low-lying island nations like Kiribati, which say limiting temperature rise to 1.5℃ could save them from sinking. 可知对于那些低海拔的国家来讲温度上升低于1.5度，就能防止他们被淹没。故选B。

●   【剖析】本文是一篇议论文。主要讨论的是社交媒体需要用户签订的合同一般既长又难于理解，所以存在用户不读就签的问题，与专业人士提出的解决这一问题的办法。

67. 【答案】A

 【分析】词义猜测题。依据第三段第一句可知不少社交媒体公司和用户签订了没意义的法律合同。而这类合同是没意义的废话，也起不到任何用途，不少用户根本没仔细阅读合同的具体内容。故选A。

68. 【答案】B

 【分析】推理判断题。依据第五段前二句“Would we pay any more attention to a kitemark? I think if you went and did the survey, people would like to think they would,”及本段最后一句可知Nigel Shadbolt 觉得假如大家去做有关调查，大家会觉得他们会非常注意这类认证标记的，但在实质操作中又是另一回事。故选B。

69. 【答案】D

 【分析】推理判断题。依据第六段最后一句＂We still don't know how significant the long-term impact is going to be of unwise things that kids put on social media that come back and bite them in 20 years'  time,＂ he says. 可知大家目前还不了解所签署的这类长期的无意义的合同将来会给他们带来哪种影响。也不了解将来大家会如何借助如此的信息。故选D。

70. 【答案】B

 【分析】推理判断题。依据文章最后一句If properly administered, a kite mark on terms and conditions could help people know what exactly they are signing up to. Although they would still have to actually read them.可知文章建议大家即便有认证标志，大家也应该认真阅读那些无意义的合同中的条约和内容，大家要了解大家所签署的协议的具体内容。故选B。

71. 【答案】C

 【分析】标题概括题。目前的网站中或者社交媒体软件中，大家在注册用户名或安装的时候，总会有一些合同或条款让大家签署。不少人一直都没详细阅读这类合同条约就签名了。文章就此话题展开讨论，作者提出大家应该仔细阅读条约内容，然后再签名。故C项＂Accept without reading?未阅读就同意?＂符合文章中心思想。其余三项与文章内容不贴切。故选C。

8、 阅读表达

●   【剖析】本文是一篇议论文，禁止大家在电子扶梯上走动，并让所有些乘客站在扶梯的两边，这种做法增加了电子扶梯的容量，文章就此内容展开讨论。

72. 【答案】The capacity of escalators hasn't been made full use of.

 【分析】依据第二段 In the first move of its kind, all travelers will be forced to stand on both sides of escalators on the London Underground as part of a plan to increase capacity at the height of the rush hour. 所有些游客将被迫站在电子扶梯的两边，以增加电子扶梯的载客量，减轻你高峰期的交通重压。也就是说原来的办法没充分合理的利用电子扶梯的容量。故填 The capacity of escalators hasn't been made full use of。

73. 【答案】 Passengers can go quicker by standing still.

 【分析】依据第五段第一句A three-week trial at Holborn last year found that the number of people using escalators at any time of could be raised by almost a third. 可知在Holborn进行的为期的三周的测试发现乘客们不在电子扶梯上走来走去，事实上让用电子扶梯的乘客的人数多了三分之一。故填 Passengers can go quicker by standing still。

74. 【答案】18.5m；

 【分析】依据第六段最后一句Research has shown that it is more effective use of escalators over 18.5 to ban walking.可知静止乘客步行的电子扶梯最好的长度是超越18.5米。故填18.5m。

75. 【答案】standing only and a mix of walking and standing；

 【分析】依据文章最后一段  In the new trial, which will be launched from April 18, one of three "up" escalators will be standing only, with a second banning walking at peak times. A third will remain a mix of walking and standing.可知三个向上的电子扶梯中有一个在高峰期禁止行走，一个只能站立，第三个既能够站在上面也可以在上面步行。故填 standing only and a mix of walking and standing。

9、 中文翻译英文

76. 【答案】 I really hope that my article will be published in a newspaper someday.

 【分析】动词hope "期望" 本身就含有将来的语义，后面所接从句一般表示以后的事情。本句中副词someday意为＂有朝1日＂一般和一般以后时连用。故翻译为  I really hope that my article will be published in a newspaper someday。

77. 【答案】The late twentieth century witnessed the rapid development of China's economy.

 【分析】动词witness目睹，见证；本句是拟人化的修辞，用无生命的事物做主语。同时注意时态，二十世纪是过去的时间，所以用一般过去时的时态。故翻译为 The late twentieth century witnessed the rapid development of China's economy。

78. 【答案】What is the point of / in lining up for the whole night just to buy a pair of sports shoes? ||| Is where any point lining up for the whole night just to buy a pair of sports shoes?

 【分析】本句可以用固定句型：There is a point in doing sth 做某事有意义。故翻译为 What is the point of / in lining up for the whole night just to buy a pair of sports shoes? 或 Is where any point lining up for the whole night just to buy a pair of sports shoes?

79. 【答案】Although I was then too young to understand the meaning of the film, I remember my family were moved to tears.

 【分析】本句中although引导让步状语从句，表示上下文的转折关系。同时固定结构＂too...to...太……而不可以……＂表示否定含义。故翻译为 Although I was then too young to understand the meaning of the film, I remember my family were moved to tears。

80. 【答案】The moment my aunt gained her diploma after four years of hard work, she was filled with joy.

 【分析】本句中名词短语the moment转换成连词短语，意为＂一……就……＂，引导时间状语从句。故翻译为 The moment my aunt gained her diploma after four years of hard work, she was filled with joy。

10、 书面表达

81. 【答案】

A recent survey has been conducted on whether parents feel honored about their children in Zhonghua School. What is symbolically depicted in the bar chart above is that 80% parents regard their children as pride, while, to our surprise, only 60 in every hundred students hold the same viewpoint.

Such a striking contrast is there between the two perspectives that it reveals a common phenomenon. Parents and children hold different attitudes towards the issue. From where I am standing, two reasons are responsible for the finding.

    First and foremost, with the increasingly fierce competition, teenagers are prone to suffering from the sense of inferiority. What additionally frustrates the children is peer pressure from parents. Chances are that the adults are inclined to gossip and compare with other friends about the academic performance of their children.

Apart from it, a lack of communication between parents and children is also a key factor contributing to the difference. Proud as parents feel of their children, they remain too shy to praise or give compliments. Meanwhile, children seem to abide by every command from their parents and accept the negative comments without saying a word, which triggers their self-accusation of failing to live up to the adults’ high expectations.

 From what has been mentioned above, it is fierce competition and lack of communication that give rise to the phenomenon. only by mutual trust and understanding can children feel the importance and pride attached to them.

 【分析】本文是图表作文。需要考生以姚平的身份写一则报告，通报“爸爸妈妈是不是以子女为荣”的调查报告的内容。文章用第三人称和一般目前时为主的时态。要素：1. 近期参加了一项研究性学习调查，课题为“爸爸妈妈是不是以子女为荣”。通过调查你校学生及其爸爸妈妈，结果发现双方对此问题的怎么看有差异。2. 百分之80的爸爸妈妈亲以孩子为荣；只有百分之60的孩子觉得爸爸妈妈以我为荣。3. 剖析缘由：爸爸妈妈亲把全部精力都倾注在孩子身上，孩子的成功也证明我们的教育办法是正确的；而目前的孩子由于年龄较小，并没非常强的责任感，他们并没感觉到自己承担的义务和责任。建议在写作的时候添加适合的谚语，如Every coin has two sides.提高文采，以增加获得高分的可能性；穿插用多种句式，让文章富有变化。同时要用两到三个复合句，并适合用连词。